ABO NOCE Practice Test

Which part of the eye is primarily responsible for light refraction?

1. Cornea

2. Retina

3. Pupil

4. Iris

The correct answer is: Cornea

The cornea is primarily responsible for light refraction in the eye. It is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. The cornea has a curved shape that helps to bend or refract incoming light rays, directing them toward the lens, which further focuses the light onto the retina. The cornea provides most of the eye's total optical power due to its robust curvature and the fact that it is situated in front of the lens. In contrast, the retina is responsible for sensing light and converting it into neural signals to be sent to the brain, but it does not play a role in the bending of light. The pupil is the opening that allows light to enter the eye and can change size to regulate the amount of light that passes through, while the iris adjusts the size of the pupil but does not contribute to refraction itself.